|
Trust capital is variously understood, since it has found application in several sciences and theoretical approaches. It is described by computational but also social, and economic approaches. == What is trust - definition == Trust attracts a growing attention of scientists from different branches of knowledge. That it happens, is reflected in growing number of definitions and theories devoted to this topic. Below table shows this trend in numbers: Table. Number of trust definitions in different time periods.〔Source: Ch. Castelfranchi, R. Falcone, Trust Theory: A Socio-Cognitive and Computational Model, Wiley and Sons, Hoboken 2010, pp. 8-9.〕 According to Catelfranchi and Falcone definitions of trust are based on five interrelated factors which are: * The construct that is conceived as expectation, belief, willingness and attitude, * The trustee, which are organizations, companies, groups and teams, workers and sellers and many others, due to their variety, there are three types of trust: personal, inter-organizational and institutional, * Actions and behaviors, that are considered as a behavioral aspect of trust, * Results and outputs, that are understood in terms of predictability of the trustee who is given trust from the trustor, * The risk is inevitably linked with trust, where there is trust, risk must also manifest its influence on the course of action in such situations (where trust is also present).〔Ch. Castelfranchi, R. Falcone, Trust Theory: A Socio-Cognitive and Computational Model, Wiley and Sons, Hoboken 2010, pp. 10.〕 While above authors categorize trust into three types, Gerbasi and Latusek mention two of them, of which: *“Thick” trust that is given to family members, due to constant and repeated interactions since birth, *“thin” trust, that is given to others, and is more prone to risk, that related to negative results and outputs of actions and behaviors.〔A. Gerbasi, D. Latusek, op. cit., p. 4.〕 The difference between them revolves around their applicability. “Thick” trust cannot be applied in organizations and in economies in general, since larger groups of people that are not related by strong bonds of kinship, cannot offer such trusts of people other than their relatives. This is why “thin” trust and risk that accompanies it, are factors influencing economies and companies, and therefore should be perceived in macro-scale. Apart from above authors, it should be said that trust is a source of informal authority, that is more important than formal authority (coming from formal position within organization). Trust comes as a feature of national character and organizational cultures. According to World Values Survey, trust measured among nations shows that its computed value differs, depending on what nation was asked about trust issues (questions about trust to family members, neighbors, people known personally, persons met for the first time, and persons of different nationalities). Level of trust may be one of key factors of organizational culture, and therefore, a one that determines organizational efficiency.〔A. Gerbasi, D. Latusek, p. 3-4.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trust capital」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|